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Public Cloud: Layers of Control and Overhead

Key Points

  • Public cloud lets developers provision resources on demand and pay only for what they use, boosting efficiency while cutting overall costs.
  • It functions like a “supermarket” of compute options, allowing teams to pick the exact services and tools they need rather than building everything from scratch.
  • Control vs. overhead forms a ladder of offerings: bare metal provides maximum control but high maintenance, VPC/VMware reduces overhead, Kubernetes/OpenShift abstracts servers for container workloads, and Cloud Foundry or functions let developers focus solely on code.
  • Beyond compute, public clouds supply a rich ecosystem of integrated services that can be spun up instantly to extend application capabilities.
  • A typical migration pattern might start with legacy VMs or bare metal, layer containers on top, and then scale those services across multiple instances, illustrating how each abstraction level builds on the previous one.

Full Transcript

# Public Cloud: Layers of Control and Overhead **Source:** [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaCyfQ7luVY](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaCyfQ7luVY) **Duration:** 00:09:06 ## Summary - Public cloud lets developers provision resources on demand and pay only for what they use, boosting efficiency while cutting overall costs. - It functions like a “supermarket” of compute options, allowing teams to pick the exact services and tools they need rather than building everything from scratch. - Control vs. overhead forms a ladder of offerings: bare metal provides maximum control but high maintenance, VPC/VMware reduces overhead, Kubernetes/OpenShift abstracts servers for container workloads, and Cloud Foundry or functions let developers focus solely on code. - Beyond compute, public clouds supply a rich ecosystem of integrated services that can be spun up instantly to extend application capabilities. - A typical migration pattern might start with legacy VMs or bare metal, layer containers on top, and then scale those services across multiple instances, illustrating how each abstraction level builds on the previous one. ## Sections - [00:00:00](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaCyfQ7luVY&t=0s) **Untitled Section** - - [00:03:08](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaCyfQ7luVY&t=188s) **Hybrid Deployment: VMs and Containers** - The speaker outlines a hybrid architecture that runs legacy back‑end services on three VMs, scales front‑end and its supporting back‑end via Kubernetes/OpenShift‑managed containers, and integrates cloud storage such as a SQL database for application data. - [00:06:21](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KaCyfQ7luVY&t=381s) **Central Logging and Secure Endpoints** - The speaker outlines using a central logging service for both Kubernetes and legacy applications, then describes a network design that separates private back‑end data behind private endpoints while allowing public access to the front‑end, with encryption using customer‑managed keys. ## Full Transcript
0:00Public cloud 0:00is an incredible resource for developers today. 0:03It brings the ability to provision resources on demand 0:06and only pay for what you use. 0:08This leads to greater developer efficiency 0:11while bringing down overall costs, 0:13but what exactly makes up a public cloud? 0:17Today we'll start with an analogy. 0:19Say you wanted to bake a pie from scratch, 0:22- well, how committed are you? 0:24Are you going to make your own flour? 0:25Are you going to grow your own fruits? 0:27Well, in this society we've generally accepted that 0:31for certain ingredients you'll go to a supermarket. 0:34A public cloud is a supermarket of sorts, 0:37it has multiple vendors and multiple solutions 0:40allowing you to pick and choose 0:42the right tools and solutions for your tastes. 0:46Now, to start my explanation of public cloud, 0:49I could start by talking about things like 0:51Infrastructure-as-a-Service, 0:53or maybe Platforms or Software-as-a-Service, 0:56more naturally known as PaaS, IaaS, and SaaS, 1:00but instead I'm going to focus on 1:02the overall control and overhead 1:04for the different computing solutions that are available 1:07in a public cloud. 1:09So, as a box gets bigger here 1:13there's more control 1:15but that comes with more overhead. 1:19Now, let's start with the biggest box, 1:22where we've got things like bare metal. 1:28Now with this you're going to have the most control 1:31but that also comes with 1:32a lot of overhead to actually maintain those instances. 1:36Let's take it a step higher. 1:38Here we've got things like VPC and VMware. 1:44So, with these solutions you're going to have a little less overhead 1:48because there's automation 1:49that allows you to spin up the actual machines. 1:53Going a step higher, 1:54we've got solutions like Kubernetes 1:58and OpenShift Container Platform. 2:00These will allow you to get 2:03higher abstraction over the actual worker nodes, 2:06the machines that power your actual cluster, 2:09are basically going to be managed by the platform 2:12and you can focus on writing containers. 2:15And going up higher on the list, 2:17we get to things like Cloud Foundry 2:19as well as functions 2:21which are going to allow you to focus, 2:22as a developer, entirely on the code, 2:25and let the platform take care of things like networking, 2:27and scaling, and that kind of thing. 2:30So, we've got our set of capabilities for computing, 2:34but that's not the only thing in a public cloud, 2:36you're going to have integrations and services 2:39that allow you to start spinning up 2:41capabilities that you need. 2:43So, today let's go over a sample application architecture 2:47for which we're going to use the public cloud. 2:51Now, let's say to start, we have something like 2:55a legacy application that relies on VMs 2:58or bare metal capabilities. 2:59So, we'll say over here that we've got VPC 3:06and/or bare metal. 3:08Now, on top of this we're going to spin up 3:10some containers, some machines, rather. 3:13Now, in those machines, 3:15let's say we have our legacy back-end application. 3:19So, we'll scale it out onto 3 different machines. 3:24So, there we go, we've got our back-end pieces. 3:27Now, that covers our back-end computing 3:29for our sample application. 3:31Now let's say for our front-end application 3:33we're taking a model where we have a front-end 3:35and a back-end for front-end 3:36which are based on containers. 3:38So, here it's a little bit of a different model, 3:41the worker nodes are going to be managed for us 3:44by the Kubernetes or OpenShift layer. 3:47So, here we'll have the Kubernetes 3:50and our OpenShift layer. 3:53Now on top of this we can start deploying our containers. 3:56So, let's say like we mentioned, 3:58we have that front-end as well as a back-end 4:00for that front-end application. 4:06And for each of those we want to scale those out, 4:09which Kubernetes or OpenShift can handle for us. 4:16There we go. 4:16So, these are the basics of our application architecture, 4:19we've got some back-end stuff, 4:21we've got some front-end stuff, 4:22and all of that is kind of running on some of our compute solutions. 4:26Let's actually start taking advantage 4:28of some of the cloud integrations that are possible 4:30to build out some of the other requirements we have here. 4:34First things first, storage. 4:36So, our front-end application 4:37- let's say we need something like, 4:39I don't know, a SQL database 4:41to actually store things like customer login data. 4:47So, our applications here, are going to use 4:51say, a SQL datastore. 4:58There we go. 4:59Now, for our back-end application, 5:01let's say we need something different, 5:02not a standard SQL store, but 5:04something like cloud object storage. 5:07So here, we'll sketch out 5:12a cloud object store instance 5:16which is going to be using ... 5:18which our back-end application will be using. 5:21So, we've talked about storage. 5:23Next, let's talk about DevOps and toolchain capabilities 5:26which we'll also take advantage of our public cloud for. 5:29Now, our code 5:30is probably split into two different repositories 5:33for this particular application that we've got here, 5:35our Kubernetes app. 5:36We'll say we've got a set of code 5:38for the actual containers and applications, 5:41and a separate set of code for the actual infrastructure, 5:45because we want to manage our infrastructure 5:48as code as well. 5:49Now, for this 5:50we want to take advantage of some toolchain capabilities. 5:53So for our app, we'll take advantage of a toolchain 6:00which will deploy our containers. 6:06Now, for our infrastructure, 6:08I'm going to take advantage of a similar toolchain, 6:10but in this case we want to use Terraform, 6:16which is an open source way of managing your infrastructure as code 6:19to actually manage the infrastructure. 6:21So, in this case, 6:24this will manage spinning up the worker nodes, 6:27as well as the Kubernetes layer. 6:30So, there we go, 6:30we've talked about so far: 6:32storage, as well as DevOps from our cloud. 6:35Next, let's talk about having a central, 6:38logging or monitoring solution for our tools. 6:42So, we've got our back-end application here, 6:46as well as our front-end application, 6:48and, for both of those, 6:49we want to stream to a central logging store. 6:52So, let's say I've got a logging service that I've created here 6:58and that's going to be 6:59our central source of logs 7:01for both our application running on Kubernetes, 7:04as well as our back-end application 7:06running within VMware, or bare metal, or VPC. 7:11So, there we go, we've talked about central logging now. 7:14Now, the next service that I want to take advantage of 7:16is thinking about things like networking and security. 7:20So, in this in this sample architecture, 7:24for our back-end piece, 7:25let's say we've got really private data 7:27we want to make sure that access to that back-end piece 7:30only happens over private endpoints, 7:32and for our front-end piece 7:34we don't care quite as much 7:36- we can access over the public endpoint. 7:39So, making kind of like a bi-section here, 7:42we'll say that this is entirely private, 7:46private endpoints only, 7:48and on this side 7:49we can access our data over public endpoints. 7:52Now this doesn't mean our data is insecure, 7:55we can still use 7:56something that allows us to bring our own keys 7:59to secure our data 8:00with our own certs and keys. 8:03So, both of these environments 8:05are going to be completely secured, 8:09- but by making this bi-section, 8:11how does our front-end app now start talking to 8:14some of those back-end capabilities that we've got? 8:16So again, we can tap into our cloud 8:18and take advantage of something like a VPN gateway. 8:23So here we go, we'll set up a gateway 8:27so that our front end and back-end 8:29can start talking to one another. 8:31Now this is just scratching the surface 8:34of the capabilities that are available in a public cloud. 8:37We haven't even begun to talk about some of the 8:40artificial intelligence, machine learning, 8:43data analytics and insights, 8:45and so many other services 8:47that are available in a generic public cloud. 8:50Thanks for watching this overview of public cloud. 8:53If you have any questions 8:54please drop us a line below. 8:56If you want to see more videos like this in the future, 8:58please "like" and subscribe 9:00- and don't forget, 9:01you can always get started on the cloud had no cost 9:03by signing up for a free IBM Cloud account.